so that's the arrow of time.......click to raed.......

The concept C, P, T(Time)

TIME??

 In his book, The Go-Between, L.P Hartley wrote, “The past is a foreign country. They do things differently there-but why is the past so different from the future?” why do we remember the past, but not the future?” in other words, why does the time go forward? Is this connected with the fact that the universe is expanding?

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The laws of physics do not distinguish between the past and the future. More precisely, the laws of physics are unchanged under the combination of operations known as C, P, and T. (C means changing particles for antiparticles. P means taking the mirror images so left and right are swapped for each other. And T means reversing the direction of motion of all particles- in effect, running the motion backward.) The laws of physics that govern the behavior of matter under all normal situations are unchanged under the operations C and P on their own. In other words, life would be just the same for the inhabitants of another planet who were our mirror images and who were made of antimatter. If you meet someone from another planet and he holds out his left hand, don’t shake it. He might be made of antimatter. You would both disappear in a tremendous flash of light.

If the laws of physics are unchanged by the combination of operations C and P, and also by the combination C, P, and T, they must also be unchanged under the operation of T alone. Yet, there is a big difference between the forward and backward directions of time in ordinary life. Imagine a cup of water falling off a table and breaking in pieces on the floor. If you make a film of this, you run it backward, you will see the pieces suddenly gather themselves together off the floor and jump back to form a whole cup on the table. You can tell that the film is being run backward because this kind of behavior is never observed in ordinary life. If it were, the crockery manufacturers would go out of business.   

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The explanation that is usually given as to why we don’t see broken cups jumping back onto the table is that it is forbidden by the second law of thermodynamics. This says that disorder or in a scientific way we can say entropy increases with time. In other words, it is Murphy’s Law-things get worse (seriously get worse nowadays). An intact cup on the table is a state of a high order, but a broken cup on the floor is in a disordered state. One can, therefore, go from the whole cup on the table in the past to the broken cup on the floor in the future. But not the other way around.

Arrows of time...

The increase of disorder or entropy with time is one example of what is called an arrow of time, something that gives a direction to time and distinguishes the past from the future. There are at least three different arrows of time. First, there is a thermodynamic arrow of time the direction of time in which disorder or entropy increase. Second, there is the psychological arrow of time. This is the direction of time in which we feel time passes-the direction of time in which we remember the past, but not the future. Third, there is the cosmological arrow time. This is the direction of time in which the universe is expanding rather than contracting.

I know we shall argue the psychological arrow is determined by the thermodynamic arrow and that these two arrows always point in the same direction. If one makes the no boundary condition (assumption) for the universe, they are related to the cosmological arrow of time, though they may not point in the same direction. However, we shall argue that it is only when they agree with the cosmological arrow that why does disorder increase in the same direction of time as that in which the universe expands?

If you guys want me to explain all the arrows of time comment below……………………

the whole concept above is not written by me I just try to explain with the simplest form.

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The origin of black holes you must know...

Black holes..?

Black hole

What are black holes? Who first invented or discover them..? Let’s the adventure begins and find the answer to all these questions. As you all are my intelligent readers you must know the difference between discovery and inventions but if you don’t know I am here to help you, discovery means find out the things which already exist in nature & invention means to create a thing or you may be called as product or let’s say a gadget which does not exist in nature exactly what engineers did nowadays.

john wheeler

The term black hole is of very recent origin. It was coined in 1969 by the American scientist john wheeler as a graphic description of an idea that goes back at least two hundred years. At that time there were two theories about the light that you must be familiar with it. One assumed that light is a particle and other assumes that it is made up of waves.

don't take it seriously

the speed of light......

But now we know that both the theories are correct. By the wave/particle duality of quantum physics, light can be regarded as both a wave and a particle. Under the theory that light was a particle, one might expect them to be affected by gravity in the same way that cannon balls, rockets & planets are.

On this assumption, a Cambridge don, John Michell, wrote a paper in 1783 in the philosophical transactions of the royal society of London. In it, he pointed out that a star that was sufficiently massive and compact would have such a strong gravitational field that light could not escape. Any light emitted from the surface of the star would be dragged back by the star’s gravitational attraction before it could get very far. Michell suggested that there might be a large number of stars like this. Although we would not be able to see them because the light from them would not be able to reach us, we would still feel there gravitational attraction. Such objects are what we now call black holes because that is what they are black voids in space.

According to the theory of relativity, nothing can travel faster than light. Thus, if light cannot escape, neither can anything else. Everything is dragged back by the gravitational field. So one has a set of events, a region of space-time, from which it is not possible to escape to reach a distant observer. This region we what we now call a black hole. Its boundary is called the event horizon. It coincides with the paths of the light rays that just fail to escape from the black hole.    

labeled description of a black hole in the depth